WWI started on the 4^th of August 1914 after failed diplomatic efforts to halt unrest in the Balkans, Eastern Europe. The widely held belief was that the “war would be over by Christmas”. However, the nations’ leaders felt otherwise. Conscription (forcing people to join the army) was unacceptable, so Secretary for War Lord Kitchener needed to encourage people to volunteer to join the British Expeditionary Force. Lord Derby was the first to implement the idea of a “Pals” Battalion in Liverpool. Inside a week, there were enough volunteers to fill four battalions. The idea was that men would be more likely to join up if their pals also joined the war effort.

One of the most famous pals’ battalions was the Accrington Pals, near Manchester. 1000 men joined inside the first few days of September 1914. In 1916, the British Expeditionary Force led an attack by the River Somme. On the first day of the battle, July 1^st, over 50,000 men were killed or wounded; the largest single loss in British Army history. Of the Accrington Pals, 235 were killed and over 350 wounded in the first 20 minutes of action. There was not a street in Accrington that didn’t have a casualty. In Welling and Bexley, men joined the Royal West Kent Regiment, which saw action in India and Gallipoli, as well as in France.

Ordinary people joined the fight against the Germans and her allies, and this included sports stars too. Clapton Orient’s (later Leyton Orient) players and staff joined the army, inspiring thousands of their fans to do the same. This is the story of Hearts of Midlothian. The 1914/15 season had started well for Hearts with 8 consecutive victories. However, with the war continuing, Hearts’ players and staff decided they should join the war effort on 25^th November 1914. The players combined military and football training to go 20 games unbeaten and be top of the league by February. However, the double life began to take its toll on the players, often engaging on night marches the night before crucial fixtures. Most of the team were sent to France before the end of the season. This is the story of some of their players…

• Lance Corporal James Boyd
  I was a goalkeeper. I was killed on a 'quiet day' on 3rd of August 1916 at the Somme. I was 21 years old. 

• Sergeant John Allan 
  I played centre back. I was caught in deadly crossfire and was the last Hearts player to
  be killed on 22nd April 1917. I was 30 years old.

• Private Ernest Edgar Ellis
  I played in defence. I also fought at the Somme in 1916. I was killed in action aged 30.
   
• Private Patrick James 'Paddy' Crossan
  I played right back. I was twice wounded and gassed at least once. I returned to play
  football after the war.

• Sergeant Duncan Currie
  I played at full back. I fought at the Somme in 1916 and was shot in the shoulder.
  I died from my wounds, aged 23.

• Private Willie R. Wilson
  I played in midfield. I was wounded in the shoulder. I scored a hat-trick at Ibrox, the
  home of Rangers.

• Lieutenant A. B. Ness
  I played on the wing. Twice wounded in the shoulder. I continued to play after the war. 

• Private Henry Wattie
  I played in attacking midfield. At the Somme in 1916, I fell, and my body was never recovered.
  I was 23 years old.

• Private James Hodge Speedie
  I played left wing. I fought in Belgium on the 25th of September 1915 and was killed during
  the battle. My body was never found. I was 21.

• Corporal Tom Gracie
  I played as a striker. I fought at the Somme in July 1916 and was killed in action, aged 26.
  I am the only Hearts player who died during the war to have a known grave.   

• Corporal Alfie E. Briggs
  Severely wounded in the back at the Somme in 1916, and I left the army, never to play
  football again.

WWI affected everyone, from the rich to poor, famous to ordinary. Life was changed beyond recognition. Things we take for granted today, and even then, were removed from everyday life, some never to return. This was the Hearts team in 1914, a number of these never returned and never played again. Hearts finished 2^nd that year.

There are two war memorials to mark this period. The McCrae's Battalion Great War Memorial in Contalmaison and the Heart of Midlothian War Memorial in Haymarket, Edinburgh donated to the city by
the club in 1922. The latter is currently in storage due to the Edinburgh Trams work. A further memorial commemorating the 1914 Hearts team has been proposed by the club. An annual pilgrimage is held by football supporters to Contalmaison every year, whilst Hearts hold their memorial services at Haymarket or, whilst it is in storage, at Tynecastle Stadium.

Mr Martin, History Department